• 现状：由于阿达纳博物馆管理局（Adana Museum Directorate）正在此进行长期的考古发掘工作，核心土丘考古区目前不对外开放。正在进行发掘的区域覆盖着保护性的遮盖物。 • 文物观赏地：从土丘中出土的文物，经整理后会定期在阿达纳考古博物馆（Adana Archeology Museum）展出。
• 城市景观的对比：特佩巴（Tepebağ）的独特之处在于其纵向的重叠——古老的地下建筑遗迹，就位于保存完好的19世纪奥斯曼风格房屋以及现代塞伊汉（Seyhan）区蜿蜒街道的下方。
Tepebağ Mound (Tepebağ Höyüğü) is the ancient heart of Adana, functioning as a human settlement for up to 9,000 years. Rising directly west of the Seyhan River, it is the only natural elevation in Adana's flat city center. This strategic elevation initially served to protect the ancient inhabitants from the seasonal floods of the river.
Historical Identity & Ancient Capital
• The "Uru Adaniya": Hittite written sources frequently reference a prominent regional center called "Uru Adaniya" within the Kizzuvatna Kingdom. Archaeological evidence strongly suggests that Tepebağ Mound is the exact location of this ancient capital, linking the modern city's name to antiquity.
• Stratified History: The site is a complex artificial hill created by thousands of years of continuous human rebuilding. Excavations have revealed multiple layers of civilization spanning from the Neolithic period through the Bronze Age, Iron Age, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, and Ottoman eras.
Key Archaeological Discoveries
• The Nurse Satsneferu Statue: The mound's most famous artifact is a 4,000-year-old Egyptian Middle Kingdom statuette of the nurse Satsneferu. Discovered during the late 19th-century construction of an American girls' college on the mound, it was taken out of the country and remains housed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
• Global Trade Network: Excavations have unearthed cylinder seals dating back 3,800 years (depicting deities like Ishtar), Assyrian palace ceramics, and stamped amphora handles from Rhodes and Knidos. These indicate that ancient Tepebağ was a powerful international trading hub with deep maritime ties across the Mediterranean basin.
Visitor Information & Location
• Current Status: The core mound archaeological zone is currently closed to visitors due to active, long-term excavation projects led by the Adana Museum Directorate. The active dig sites are covered by protective tarpaulins.
• Where to See Artifacts: The items unearthed from the mound are regularly processed and put on display at the Adana Archeology Museum.
• Urban Contrast: What makes Tepebağ unique is its vertical overlap; the ancient, subterranean structural ruins sit directly underneath the preserved 19th-century Ottoman houses and winding streets of modern Seyhan
特佩巴格土丘（Tepebağ Höyüğü）是阿达纳（Adana）的古老核心地带，作为人类定居点已有长达 9000 年的历史。它矗立在塞伊汉河（Seyhan River）以西，是阿达纳平坦市中心内唯一的天然高地。这一具有战略意义的高地，最初的作用是保护古代居民免受河流季节性洪水的影响。
历史身份与古都
• “乌鲁·阿达尼亚”（Uru Adaniya）：赫梯（Hittite）文献中多次提到基祖瓦特纳王国（Kizzuvatna Kingdom）内一个重要的区域中心，名为“乌鲁·阿达尼亚”。考古证据有力地表明，特佩巴格土丘正是这座古都的所在地，从而将现代城市的名称与古代历史联系了起来。
• 叠层历史：该遗址是一座复杂的人工土丘，由数千年来人类不断的重建与堆积而成。考古发掘揭示了多层文明遗迹，涵盖了从新石器时代，经青铜时代、铁器时代、希腊化时期、罗马时期、拜占庭时期、伊斯兰时期，一直到奥斯曼帝国时期的漫长历史。
重要考古发现
• 保姆萨茨内费鲁（Satsneferu）雕像：该土丘最著名的出土文物是一尊拥有 4000 年历史的古埃及中王国时期雕像——保姆萨茨内费鲁像。它是在 19 世纪末于土丘上修建一所美国女子学院时被发现的，后被带离土耳其，现藏于纽约大都会艺术博物馆。
• 全球贸易网络：考古发掘出土了距今 3800 年的圆柱印章（刻有伊什塔尔等神祇形象）、亚述宫廷风格陶器，以及来自罗得岛（Rhodes）和克尼多斯（Knidos）的带有印记的陶瓮把手。这些发现表明，古代的特佩巴格曾是一个强大的国际贸易枢纽，与地中海沿岸各地有着深厚的海洋贸易联系。
参观信息与地理位置
• 现状：由于阿达纳博物馆管理局（Adana Museum Directorate）正在此进行长期的考古发掘工作，核心土丘考古区目前不对外开放。正在进行发掘的区域覆盖着保护性的遮盖物。 • 文物观赏地：从土丘中出土的文物，经整理后会定期在阿达纳考古博物馆（Adana Archeology Museum）展出。
• 城市景观的对比：特佩巴（Tepebağ）的独特之处在于其纵向的重叠——古老的地下建筑遗迹，就位于保存完好的19世纪奥斯曼风格房屋以及现代塞伊汉（Seyhan）区蜿蜒街道的下方。
Tepebağ Mound (Tepebağ Höyüğü) is the ancient heart of Adana, functioning as a human settlement for up to 9,000 years. Rising directly west of the Seyhan River, it is the only natural elevation in Adana's flat city center. This strategic elevation initially served to protect the ancient inhabitants from the seasonal floods of the river.
Historical Identity & Ancient Capital
• The "Uru Adaniya": Hittite written sources frequently reference a prominent regional center called "Uru Adaniya" within the Kizzuvatna Kingdom. Archaeological evidence strongly suggests that Tepebağ Mound is the exact location of this ancient capital, linking the modern city's name to antiquity.
• Stratified History: The site is a complex artificial hill created by thousands of years of continuous human rebuilding. Excavations have revealed multiple layers of civilization spanning from the Neolithic period through the Bronze Age, Iron Age, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, and Ottoman eras.
Key Archaeological Discoveries
• The Nurse Satsneferu Statue: The mound's most famous artifact is a 4,000-year-old Egyptian Middle Kingdom statuette of the nurse Satsneferu. Discovered during the late 19th-century construction of an American girls' college on the mound, it was taken out of the country and remains housed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
• Global Trade Network: Excavations have unearthed cylinder seals dating back 3,800 years (depicting deities like Ishtar), Assyrian palace ceramics, and stamped amphora handles from Rhodes and Knidos. These indicate that ancient Tepebağ was a powerful international trading hub with deep maritime ties across the Mediterranean basin.
Visitor Information & Location
• Current Status: The core mound archaeological zone is currently closed to visitors due to active, long-term excavation projects led by the Adana Museum Directorate. The active dig sites are covered by protective tarpaulins.
• Where to See Artifacts: The items unearthed from the mound are regularly processed and put on display at the Adana Archeology Museum.
• Urban Contrast: What makes Tepebağ unique is its vertical overlap; the ancient, subterranean structural ruins sit directly underneath the preserved 19th-century Ottoman houses and winding streets of modern Seyhan