Ephesus (Efes) Selcuk, Türkiye history spans over 8,000 years
Ephesus (Efes), located near modern-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Türkiye, has a history stretching back over 8,000 years.
Timeline of Ephesus
Period Key Events
Neolithic & Bronze Age (6000–2000 BC) Archaeological finds on Ayasuluk Hill and surrounding mounds show prehistoric settlements.
Hittite Era (c. 1400 BC) Known as Apasas in Hittite records.
Greek Colonization (c. 1050 BC) Ionian Greeks settled here, establishing a major city.
Archaic Period (560 BC) City moved near the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Hellenistic Period (300 BC) Rebuilt by Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great.
Roman Era (1st–3rd century AD) Peak prosperity; population ~200,000. Famous for the Library of Celsus, Great Theatre, and as a major port city.
Byzantine Period (4th–7th century AD) Important Christian center; St. John’s Basilica built nearby.
Seljuk & Ottoman Periods (11th–15th century AD) Decline as the harbor silted up; city eventually abandoned.
Significance
Religious: Home to the Temple of Artemis and later a major Christian hub (linked to St. Paul and St. John).
Economic: One of the largest ports of Asia Minor during Roman times.
Cultural: A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2015, showcasing Greco-Roman urban planning and monumental architecture.
Would you like me to create a visual timeline chart of Ephesus’ 8,000-year history so you can see its evolution at a glance?
yes
Here’s a visual timeline chart of Ephesus (Efes) in Selçuk, Türkiye, showing how its history spans over 8,000 years:
🏛 Timeline of Ephesus
Era Date Range Key Highlights
Neolithic & Bronze Age 6000–2000 BC Early settlements on Ayasuluk Hill; evidence of farming and trade.
Hittite Period c. 1400 BC Known as Apasas in Hittite records.
Greek Colonization c. 1050 BC Ionian Greeks establish Ephesus as a major city.
Archaic Period 560 BC Temple of Artemis built — one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Hellenistic Period 300 BC Rebuilt by Lysimachus; city expanded with new walls and streets.
Roman Golden Age 1st–3rd century AD Peak prosperity; population ~200,000; Library of Celsus, Great Theatre, and major port.
Byzantine Era 4th–7th century AD Christian center; Basilica of St. John constructed nearby.
Seljuk & Ottoman Periods 11th–15th century AD Decline as harbor silted up; city gradually abandoned.
Modern Recognition 20th–21st century Excavations reveal monuments; UNESCO World Heritage Site (2015).
Why Ephesus Matters
Religious crossroads: From Artemis worship to early Christianity (St. Paul, St. John).
Economic hub: One of the largest ports in Asia Minor during Roman times.
Cultural legacy: A living museum of Greco-Roman urban planning, now a UNESCO site
土耳其塞尔丘克附近的以弗所（Ephesus）拥有超过8000年的历史
以弗所（Efes）位于土耳其伊兹密尔省塞尔丘克附近，拥有超过8000年的历史。
以弗所大事记
时期 重要事件
新石器时代和青铜时代（公元前6000-2000年）：在阿亚苏鲁克山及其周边土丘的考古发现表明，这里曾有史前人类居住。
赫梯时期（约公元前1400年）：在赫梯文献中被称为阿帕萨斯（Apasas）。
希腊殖民时期（约公元前1050年）：爱奥尼亚希腊人在此定居，建立了一座重要的城市。
古风时期（公元前560年）：城市迁至古代世界七大奇迹之一的阿尔忒弥斯神庙附近。
希腊化时期（公元前300年）：由亚历山大大帝的将军利西马科斯重建。
罗马时期（公元1-3世纪）：鼎盛时期；人口约20万。以塞尔苏斯图书馆、大剧院和重要的港口城市而闻名。
拜占庭时期（公元4-7世纪）：重要的基督教中心；圣约翰大教堂建于附近。
塞尔柱和奥斯曼时期（公元11-15世纪）：随着港口淤塞而衰落；最终城市被废弃。
重要性
宗教：阿尔忒弥斯神庙所在地，后来成为重要的基督教中心（与圣保罗和圣约翰有关）。
经济：罗马时期小亚细亚最大的港口之一。
文化：自2015年以来被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，展现了希腊罗马的城市规划和宏伟的建筑。
您想让我制作一张以弗所8000年历史的可视化时间轴图表吗？这样您就可以一目了然地了解它的演变历程。
是的。以下是土耳其塞尔丘克以弗所（Efes）的可视化时间轴图表，展示了其跨越8000多年的历史：
🏛 以弗所时间轴
时期 日期范围 主要亮点
新石器时代和青铜时代 公元前6000-2000年 阿亚苏鲁克山上的早期定居点；农业和贸易的证据。
赫梯时期 约公元前1400年 在赫梯文献中被称为阿帕萨斯。
希腊殖民时期 约公元前1050年 爱奥尼亚希腊人将以弗所发展成为一座主要城市。
古风时期 公元前560年 阿尔忒弥斯神庙建成——古代世界七大奇迹之一。
希腊化时期（公元前300年）：由吕西马科斯重建；城市扩建，增设了城墙和街道。
罗马黄金时代（公元1-3世纪）：繁荣鼎盛；人口约20万；拥有塞尔苏斯图书馆、大剧院和重要港口。
拜占庭时期（公元4-7世纪）：基督教中心；圣约翰大教堂建于附近。
塞尔柱和奥斯曼时期（公元11-15世纪）：港口淤塞导致衰落；城市逐渐被废弃。
现代认可（20-21世纪）：考古发掘揭示了古迹；联合国教科文组织世界遗产（2015年）。
以弗所的重要性
宗教交汇点：从阿尔忒弥斯崇拜到早期基督教（圣保罗、圣约翰）。
经济中心：罗马时期小亚细亚最大的港口之一。
文化遗产：一座保存完好的希腊罗马城市规划博物馆，现为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。
Ephesus (Efes) Selcuk, Türkiye history spans over 8,000 years
Ephesus (Efes), located near modern-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Türkiye, has a history stretching back over 8,000 years.
Timeline of Ephesus
Period Key Events
Neolithic & Bronze Age (6000–2000 BC) Archaeological finds on Ayasuluk Hill and surrounding mounds show prehistoric settlements.
Hittite Era (c. 1400 BC) Known as Apasas in Hittite records.
Greek Colonization (c. 1050 BC) Ionian Greeks settled here, establishing a major city.
Archaic Period (560 BC) City moved near the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Hellenistic Period (300 BC) Rebuilt by Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great.
Roman Era (1st–3rd century AD) Peak prosperity; population ~200,000. Famous for the Library of Celsus, Great Theatre, and as a major port city.
Byzantine Period (4th–7th century AD) Important Christian center; St. John’s Basilica built nearby.
Seljuk & Ottoman Periods (11th–15th century AD) Decline as the harbor silted up; city eventually abandoned.
Significance
Religious: Home to the Temple of Artemis and later a major Christian hub (linked to St. Paul and St. John).
Economic: One of the largest ports of Asia Minor during Roman times.
Cultural: A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2015, showcasing Greco-Roman urban planning and monumental architecture.
Would you like me to create a visual timeline chart of Ephesus’ 8,000-year history so you can see its evolution at a glance?
yes
Here’s a visual timeline chart of Ephesus (Efes) in Selçuk, Türkiye, showing how its history spans over 8,000 years:
🏛 Timeline of Ephesus
Era Date Range Key Highlights
Neolithic & Bronze Age 6000–2000 BC Early settlements on Ayasuluk Hill; evidence of farming and trade.
Hittite Period c. 1400 BC Known as Apasas in Hittite records.
Greek Colonization c. 1050 BC Ionian Greeks establish Ephesus as a major city.
Archaic Period 560 BC Temple of Artemis built — one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Hellenistic Period 300 BC Rebuilt by Lysimachus; city expanded with new walls and streets.
Roman Golden Age 1st–3rd century AD Peak prosperity; population ~200,000; Library of Celsus, Great Theatre, and major port.
Byzantine Era 4th–7th century AD Christian center; Basilica of St. John constructed nearby.
Seljuk & Ottoman Periods 11th–15th century AD Decline as harbor silted up; city gradually abandoned.
Modern Recognition 20th–21st century Excavations reveal monuments; UNESCO World Heritage Site (2015).
Why Ephesus Matters
Religious crossroads: From Artemis worship to early Christianity (St. Paul, St. John).
Economic hub: One of the largest ports in Asia Minor during Roman times.
Cultural legacy: A living museum of Greco-Roman urban planning, now a UNESCO site